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By Dr. Ibne Ali, IMN PyrophosUpdated October 20264 min read

🐓 Favus in Poultry (White Comb Disease): Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention

Favus in Poultry (White Comb Disease) – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention.

Favus (Dermatophytosis) in Poultry

Learn everything about favus in poultry (dermatophytosis/white comb disease). Discover causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and its zoonotic risk to humans.

Introduction

Favus in poultry, also known as white comb disease, dermatophytosis, or dermatomycosis, is a fungal skin infection affecting chickens, turkeys, ducks, and other birds. It is caused mainly by Microsporum gallinae and occasionally Trichophyton megninii.

While favus is rarely seen in large-scale commercial farms, it is quite common in backyard or small-scale poultry flocks. The disease is significant because it has zoonotic potential, meaning it can spread to humans and cause ringworm infections.

What is Favus in Poultry?

Favus is a chronic fungal infection of the comb, wattles, skin, and feather follicles in birds. It produces chalky, scaly, or crusty lesions, often starting as small white patches on the comb that gradually enlarge.

Although birds often remain otherwise healthy, untreated infections can spread slowly throughout a flock and pose risks to humans who handle the birds.

Causes of Favus in Chickens

  • Primary pathogen: Microsporum gallinae
  • Less commonly: Trichophyton megninii
  • Infection is limited to keratinized tissues (skin, feathers).

Transmission of Favus in Poultry

Favus spreads by:

  • Direct contact with infected birds.
  • Indirect contact through contaminated soil, feeders, waterers, equipment, or clothing.
  • Human handlers may also carry spores between flocks.

Because the fungus is hardy, premises can remain contaminated for long periods if not disinfected.

Symptoms of Favus in Chickens

Early Signs

  • Small white powdery spots on comb and wattles.
  • Mild scaling of the skin.

Progressive Symptoms

  • Thick, crusty, chalky-white layers on comb, wattles, and neck.
  • Feather loss around lesions.
  • Crusty or hardened skin with scabs.
  • Black scars on healed areas.

Severe Cases

  • Spread to feather follicles → loss of plumage.
  • In rare cases, systemic fungal infection.

Diagnosis of Favus in Poultry

  1. Clinical signs – White crusty lesions on comb/wattles.
  2. Microscopic exam (KOH prep) – Reveals branching fungal hyphae.
  3. Histopathology – Thickened epidermis with fungal colonization.
  4. Culture on Sabouraud’s Dextrose Agar (SDA) – Colonies appear white → pinkish with red reverse over time.

Treatment of Favus in Poultry

⚠️ Note: There are no label-approved antifungals for poultry, so treatment should be under veterinary supervision.

1. Topical Treatments (most effective in mild cases)

  • Miconazole cream (1%) applied directly to lesions.
  • Tincture iodine for lesion cleaning.
  • 2–3% Copper sulphate solution on infected skin.

2. Systemic Treatments (severe cases)

  • Griseofulvin (10–20 mg/kg body weight) in feed for 7–10 days.
  • Ketoconazole (10 mg/kg body weight/day) for 5–7 days (under veterinary guidance).

3. Supportive Therapy

  • Vitamin supplements (A, D3, E, Biotin, Selenium) VitADEN & Nexamune to boost immunity.
Favus in Poultry (White Comb Disease) - Backyard Poultry Diseases
Favus in Poultry (White Comb Disease) - Backyard Poultry Diseases
  • Improved nutrition and flock management.

Prevention of Favus in Poultry

Since favus spreads gradually but persists, prevention is the best strategy:

  • Segregate infected birds immediately.
  • Disinfect poultry houses with iodine, phenolic disinfectants, or lime.
  • Maintain dry litter and proper ventilation.
  • Avoid introducing new birds with visible lesions.
  • Use gloves and protective clothing when handling infected poultry.

Zoonotic Importance: Favus in Humans

Favus can infect humans, producing ringworm-like skin lesions on hands, arms, and scalp.

  • Farmers, vets, and poultry handlers are at highest risk.
  • Gloves, handwashing, and protective clothing are essential when dealing with affected flocks.

FAQs About Favus in Poultry

1. What causes favus in poultry?

Favus is caused by Microsporum gallinae, a dermatophytic fungus affecting skin and feathers.

2. Can favus spread to humans?

Yes. Favus is zoonotic and can cause ringworm lesions in humans handling infected chickens.

3. How do you treat favus in chickens?

Topical antifungals such as miconazole ointment, iodine, or copper sulphate are commonly used. Severe cases may need systemic antifungals under veterinary care.

4. How can I prevent favus in my flock?

Maintain good sanitation, avoid overcrowding, segregate infected birds, and disinfect poultry houses regularly.

5. Is favus common in commercial poultry farms?

No. It is more common in backyard and small flocks due to poor biosecurity and hygiene.

Conclusion

Favus (dermatophytosis/white comb disease) in poultry is a slow-spreading fungal infection caused mainly by Microsporum gallinae. It produces white, scaly, crusty lesions on combs and wattles, and while birds usually stay healthy, the infection can spread through a flock and to humans.

  • Topical antifungals (miconazole, iodine, copper sulphate) are effective treatments.
  • Prevention through sanitation, segregation, and biosecurity remains the best approach.
  • Farmers must take precautions to avoid zoonotic transmission.

By recognizing favus early and implementing control measures, poultry keepers can protect both their flocks and themselves.

Problem in your flock? Send photos of the birds and droppings on WhatsApp for a first opinion from Dr. Ibne Ali.

WhatsApp: 98715 84101
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