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By Dr. Ibne Ali, IMN PyrophosUpdated October 202610 min read

Mortality in the First Ten Days – Poultry Disease Treatment

1. E. coli, Yolk Sac Disease (Omphalitis) and Coli Septicaemia

  • All three of these diseases are forms of E. coli, and their management and treatment are also the same. (chicken diseases and treatment)
  • E. coli plays a major role in early mortality in chicks.
  • The chick’s yolk starts to rot, and when the chick is opened there is a smell like a rotten egg.
  • Even when the temperature is correct, the chick stays dull and is seen huddling.
  • It takes less feed and water.
  • Giving jaggery, salt and soda makes this disease worse.
  • You can understand these diseases through the photo given below.
Early Chick Mortality in Hindi - Poultry Disease Treatment

Treatment

  • First weigh the chicks and check the number of drinkers that are installed
  • Per 1000 chicks, if the average chick weight is between 30 and 35 grams give 10 grams Alcaeu; if it is 36 to 45 grams give 12 grams Alcaeu; and if it is between 46 and 60 grams give 15 grams Alcaeu in 2 hours’ worth of water.
  • To learn how to give it, WhatsApp this number: +91-9871584101

If the weight is more than 90 grams, give the dose as per the label

In this kind of mortality, give Alcaeu first and then give Virocon and Vitaden, exactly the same way Alcaeu was given and in the same quantity

Early Chick Mortality in Hindi - Poultry Disease Treatment

Order these three medicines before starting the farm and keep them in stock; if these medicines are not available, use Lexin or some other antibiotic.

2. BWD (Pullorum Disease)

  • Bacillary White Diarrhea – a disease caused by Salmonella bacteria that often comes from the breeder. The area around the chick’s vent gets smeared with thin white droppings and the chick looks weak.
  • In infected chicks there is only diarrhoea at first and some mortality is also seen, but after the second week mortality rises sharply and the liver starts turning black.
  • The main symptoms are white diarrhoea, chicks crowding in one place, especially near the heat source, and sometimes swollen joints and a twisted neck.
  • Along with this, weakness, depression (the chick standing with its eyes closed) and not taking feed and water are also important observations.
Early Chick Mortality in Hindi - Poultry Disease Treatment

BWD (Pullorum Disease) – Treatment

  • First weigh the chicks and check the number of drinkers that are installed
  • Per 1000 chicks, if the average chick weight is between 30 and 35 grams give 10 grams Alcaeu; if it is 36 to 45 grams give 12 grams Alcaeu; and if it is between 46 and 60 grams give 15 grams Alcaeu in 2 hours’ worth of water.
  • When the Alcaeu water is finished, 4 hours later give Septima in the same way and in the same quantity.
  • For nerve strength and immunity in chicks give 15ml Nexamune, and to remove weakness give 50 to 70 grams Easy Brood.
  • Keep in mind that this disease does not have much effect at first, but from the second week its severe form can be seen, in which the liver starts turning black and mortality rises sharply. So if we reduce the systemic form of the bacteria right at the start, later losses can be reduced.
  • If the chicks huddle (form groups) even when the farm temperature is correct, a dose of 12 – 15 grams of Virocon per 1000 chicks should also be given.
Early Chick Mortality in Hindi - Poultry Disease Treatment
  • If the temperature on the farm is not maintained correctly, you will not see much effect even after giving medicine, because any medicine will work only when the farm temperature is correct.

3. Brooding Pneumonia

  • Brooding pneumonia in chicks is usually seen with Aspergillus infection. This disease is generally seen because of poor hatchery management: when the incubator is not cleaned properly, fungus starts growing on the remains of old eggs, and its spores go into the lungs of new chicks through their breathing and cause pneumonia.
  • But many times the chicks come fine from the hatchery, yet with bad litter and brooding without newspaper the chicks inhale fungal spores and get brooding pneumonia.
  • In this disease the chick breathes with its mouth open and it looks as if it is trying to gulp air. But from this symptom alone we cannot say for sure that it is brooding pneumonia. To know for certain, a post-mortem should be done to see whether there are small yellow pearl-like nodules inside; only then can it be called aspergillosis. This disease mostly happens because of weak immunity.
Early Chick Mortality in Hindi - Poultry Disease Treatment

Brooding Pneumonia – Treatment

  • If brooding pneumonia is confirmed, 1 tablet of 150mg fluconazole is given per 1000 chicks, and after that 15 grams Virocon and 20ml Vitaden-H are given. This treatment is run for 3-5 days.
  • Fluconazole in the first water, Virocon and Vitaden-H in the second water
  • Apart from this, if you do not have fluconazole tablets, copper sulphate and vinegar are sometimes given. Half a gram of copper sulphate and 1ml vinegar are given in one litre of water. (Keep in mind that copper sulphate often causes toxicity; give it at your own risk).
Early Chick Mortality in Hindi - Poultry Disease Treatment
  • Keep one thing in mind: if the chick breathes with its mouth open but no small yellow nodules are found inside on PM, the treatment changes.
  • In the second treatment, 15 grams Virocon and 20ml Vitaden-H are given per 1000 chicks; after that, 15 grams Alcaeu, and 2ml Respoze should be given in the overnight water.
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Anti-diarrhoeal combination with herbal bioenhancers in a dextrose base. Corrects loose droppings and is helpful in sudden mortality from intestinal Salmonella and E. coli, in early chick mortality, and against coccidiosis and necrotic enteritis.

Dose: 1 g per 6 kg body weight or 1 g per litre for moderate cases; 1 g per 4–5 kg body weight or 2 g per litre in high mortality. In E. coli infection, use after the antibiotic course. Do not mix with other drugs, sanitizers or acidifiers.

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4. Toxicity

  • Toxicity is not a disease; it is seen because of poor management and carelessness with feed.
  • Most pre-starter feed is made with good quality, and the chances of toxicity from feed in chicks are very low, but it still happens sometimes
  • Toxicity is of two types: the first is fungal or mycotoxicity, and the second is chemical toxicity, which can also happen from giving too much of a medicine
  • In such cases the chick becomes dull and eats less feed
  • On PM the chick’s liver looks somewhat white
  • The kidneys are swollen
Early Chick Mortality in Hindi - Poultry Disease Treatment
  • In toxicity, mortality starts suddenly and does not easily come down even after changing the feed, so treatment has to be started immediately.
  • If toxicity is suspected, first the feed is stopped and the birds are kept hungry for some time, and treatment has to be started with Hepasol DS.

Toxicity – Treatment

  • Give the treatment below for 1000 chicks of 60-70 grams; the dose should be adjusted up or down according to chick weight.
  • First the feed is stopped and 25ml Hepasol DS is given in 2 hours’ worth of water.
Early Chick Mortality in Hindi - Poultry Disease Treatment
  • After this, 25 grams Sel E Boost and 20ml Vitaden-H are mixed and given in the next 2 hours’ worth of water
  • Do this for three days

5. Twisted Neck

  • This problem is often seen because of vitamin E deficiency, which is called encephalomalacia (crazy chick disease). In this
  • and this condition is called torticollis
  • In this, the chick’s neck twists because the nerves become weak
  • Weakness in the nerves happens not only from vitamin E deficiency but sometimes also because of Ranikhet and avian encephalomyelitis virus, or bacterial infection.
Early Chick Mortality in Hindi - Poultry Disease Treatment
  • Treatment – In this condition, 30 grams Sel E Boost and 50ml Pyrocal – B per 1000 chicks are given for 3 days.

6. Riboflavin Deficiency – also called Curled Toe Paralysis

  • Deficiency of vitamin B2, that is riboflavin, often happens because the vitamin premix is sometimes added in too small an amount or is of poor quality, so the chicks do not get the full vitamin.
  • For this, if you are giving Easy Brood, it contains riboflavin; apart from that you can also give 50ml Pyrocal – B per 1000 chicks for 2-3 days.

7. Thiamine Deficiency – this disease is also called Star Gazing

  • Thiamine is also a vitamin of the B complex group and is important for the nerves to work properly
  • This vitamin is also used to deliver energy in the body; its deficiency causes weakness in chicks.
  • For this, if you are giving Easy Brood, it contains thiamine; apart from that you can also give 50ml Pyrocal – B per 1000 chicks for 2-3 days.
Early Chick Mortality in Hindi - Poultry Disease Treatment

8. Vitamin D Deficiency – also called Rickets

  • For free-range birds, the vitamin D requirement is met to some extent by sunlight, but farm chickens definitely need vitamin D in the diet.
  • In small, fast-growing birds facing malnutrition or any intestinal condition that blocks nutrient absorption, rickets can develop despite adequate dietary levels of phosphorus and vitamin D3. Failure to absorb and/or use the nutrients in the ration is considered responsible for other causes.
  • Vitamin D deficiency cannot be seen separately from calcium and phosphorus deficiency, so calcium tonic Pyrocal-B and multivitamin Vitaden-H
Early Chick Mortality in Hindi - Poultry Disease Treatment
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Probiotics, prebiotics (MOS) and Saccharomyces with betaine, methionine and vitamin C. Restores normal gut flora, reduces loose droppings, improves digestion and FCR, helps in coccidiosis recovery and corrects brown/coffee coloured droppings.

Dose: 1 g per 8 kg body weight or 1 g per litre of water for routine gut health; 1 g per 5 kg body weight or 2 g per litre during loose droppings and infections; 1 g per 100 chicks in brooding.

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9. Slipped Tendon: Symptoms and Treatment

  • The term perosis refers to a subluxated or slipped gastrocnemius tendon, which happens because of long bone shortening or enlarged condyles of the hock joint due to growth plate damage (chondrodystrophy). Nutritional deficiencies can affect growth plate development, such as manganese deficiency, and sometimes choline, biotin, folic acid, niacin or pyridoxine may also be involved.
  • This deformity affects the hock of young birds and is often seen in heavy birds. In early cases, the hock is flattened, broad and slightly enlarged. In advanced cases, the legs deviate sharply from their normal position at the hock, usually towards the back. Dissection usually makes it clear that the gastrocnemius tendon at the hock has slipped out of its trochlea, due to which the legs become straight.
  • As treatment, we try to make up for all the nutrients whose deficiency causes this condition. Birds that have already become sick cannot be cured, but the rest can be saved.
Early Chick Mortality in Hindi - Poultry Disease Treatment

First of all we should make sure that we use Easy Brood during brooding; 70 grams Easy Brood is given per 1000 chicks. During the problem, 40ml Pyrocal-B and 50ml Hepasol DS per 1000 chicks should be given in the first week. Increase the dose in the second week.

10. Baby Chick Nephropathy/Gout: Symptoms and Treatment

Baby chick nephropathy can be caused by improper egg storage conditions, excessive water loss during incubation or during chick holding/transport, or inadequate water intake in the first few days of life. Very low humidity during brooding also increases the chance of this problem. The time of death is a good guide to the source of the problem.

Avian nephritis virus (ANV) – this is an infectious viral infection that damages the kidneys through deposition of urates, stunts growth and causes limited mortality. ANV is found most in chicks under 7 days of age, but it can also occur in older chicks. There is no treatment or vaccine for ANV, but better care can help prevent it.

Early Chick Mortality in Hindi - Poultry Disease Treatment

Easy Brood and Goutster are given in the morning and evening water, which improves this condition a lot; along with this, Vitaden-H and Nephrowin are given for kidney health.

Problem in your flock? Send photos of the birds and droppings on WhatsApp for a first opinion from Dr. Ibne Ali.

WhatsApp: 98715 84101
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