भाषा:

India keeps buffer stocks of wheat, rice, pulses and onions, but has no formal reserve for maize and soybean, the two ingredients that turn grain into eggs, chicken, milk and fish. A policy analysis published by AviNews in November 2026 argues for a revolving strategic feed reserve of 30 to 45 days of feed demand, after this year’s weather stress hit both crops together. For poultry and dairy farmers it explains why feed prices swing so hard and what a stable system could look like.

Key facts

ItemDetail (as reported)
Kharif maize 2026 (industry estimate)About 20 to 23 million tonnes (MT), against a record 30.5 MT in the Agriculture Ministry’s third advance estimate for 2025-26
Kharif soybean 2026 (SOPA)10.79 MT, down 2.1%. Maharashtra, Karnataka and Telangana lost a third to nearly half of their output to moisture stress
Soymeal, ex-factory IndoreAbout Rs 33,800 per tonne on 1 January, Rs 60,200 on 21 July (mid-points of SOPA’s published ranges), a rise of about Rs 26,500
Feed share of poultry cost65 to 70%
Maize usePoultry takes about half of demand; about a quarter of the crop now goes to ethanol (as per ICAR-IIMR). Demand is projected near 72 MT by 2030-31 (FICCI-YES Bank)
Proposed reserve30 to 45 days of feed demand: about 2 to 3 MT maize and about 1 MT soybean, reviewed yearly, with a pilot at one-third of this size

Infographic: India feed reserve proposal, soymeal price Rs 33,800 to Rs 60,200 per tonne, 30-45 day reserve of 2-3 MT maize and 1 MT soybean

Rate-card proof: Skylark Proteins, same season, one year apart

Rate cards from Skylark Proteins Pvt Ltd (Jhalara, Makdone, Ujjain), shared with us by Dr. Ibne Ali, show the same jump at the plant gate. All rates are ex-plant, with advance payment and 5% GST extra.

Product (Rs per tonne)11 Nov 202515 Nov 202527 Oct 20264 Nov 2026Change, 11 Nov 2025 to 4 Nov 2026
Hi-Pro soymeal 50%39,50040,00068,00066,500+27,000 (about +68%)
Normal soymeal 46%36,00037,00064,00062,000+26,000 (about +72%)
Soya solvent oil1,2001,1901,4001,375+175 (about +15%)

The cards also show that rates eased slightly in the last week (Hi-Pro down Rs 1,500 and Normal down Rs 2,000 between 27 October and 4 November 2026), but they are still far above last year. The oil price moved much less than meal. The rates are as printed on the cards, and the percentages are our own calculation.

Why this matters

The author’s point is that a dry year hits rain-fed crops, and India has planned for the plate but not for the feed trough. Maize is now India’s third-largest food grain, with a record 55.1 MT produced in 2025-26, but feed, starch and fuel all chase the same grain. Soymeal is the main protein in poultry, fish and dairy rations, and substitutes are limited by amino-acid balance, availability and price. So a feed shock reaches the cheapest animal protein in the Indian diet first.

The piece also says imports alone are a slow answer. In August 2021, when soymeal prices had tripled, the Government allowed 1.2 MT of GM soymeal imports, but traders could contract only about 0.65 MT before the window closed. In 2026 the argument is back: poultry bodies want duty-free imports of 1.5 to 3 MT, while SOPA says 2026-27 availability of 8.17 MT is enough for demand of 8.0 MT. Feed makers put demand at 10.62 MT. When the numbers are disputed, the response is slow, and prices do the adjusting.

What the proposal says

  • Hold what keeps. Maize should go into storage below 12 to 13% moisture, because the fungus that makes aflatoxin largely stops growing at that level. Intake should be gated by moisture and toxin tests, with silo or hermetic storage.
  • Hold soybean as seed, not meal. Meal takes up moisture and loses quality in humid conditions. Whole soybean keeps better and can be crushed when released, using existing capacity.
  • Size it in days. A 30 to 45 day cover means 2 to 3 MT of maize (about 4 to 5% of annual output) and roughly 1 MT of soybean.
  • Keep it revolving. Stock should move first-in, first-out so it does not decay or distort the market. The piece points to China’s falling corn stocks after 2017 as a lesson.
  • Buy low, release at a trigger. Buy at harvest lows to support farmers, and release by auction when prices cross a pre-notified level to protect feed buyers.
  • Share the data. A monthly national feed balance sheet, owned jointly by Government, ICAR, SOPA, CLFMA and poultry bodies, so everyone argues from the same numbers.

It also suggests the Animal Husbandry department lead a framework in 90 days, and warns that the onion buffer shows the need for advance rules and prompt payment to sellers. These are the author’s proposals, not government decisions.

What it means for poultry and dairy farmers

No reserve exists yet, so feed cost will keep following the weather and the mandi. Maize and soymeal make up most of a broiler or layer ration, and soy cake and maize are key in dairy concentrate too. When these two rise together, margins fall fast, and small farms feel it first.

What farmers should do now

  • Track local maize and soymeal rates every week and buy feed in steps, not all at once.
  • If you store maize or make your own feed, keep grain dry (below about 13% moisture), off the floor and covered, to avoid mould and aflatoxin.
  • Cut feed wastage. Spilled and wet feed loses more money than a small price move.
  • Track FCR every batch. When feed is costly, a small FCR gain pays more. Use our CFCR calculator and read how to maintain FCR in winter.
  • Ask your feed supplier how much stock they hold and how their price follows the market.
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Frequently asked questions

Does India have a strategic reserve for maize and soybean?

According to the article, no. India holds buffers of wheat, rice, pulses and onions but has no formal buffer for maize and soybean.

How big a reserve is suggested?

The author suggests 30 to 45 days of feed demand, about 2 to 3 million tonnes of maize and about 1 million tonnes of soybean, as a starting point for proper assessment.

Why store soybean as seed and not as meal?

Soymeal absorbs moisture and loses quality quickly in humid Indian conditions, while whole soybean at safe moisture keeps better and can be crushed on release.

Source: AviNews, “India guards its wheat, rice and onions: who guards the feed?”, November 2026. Written by the IMN Pyrophos team in our own words.

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